Jean-Jacques Henner was a French painter, noted for his use of sfumato and chiaroscuro in painting nudes, religious subjects, and portraits.
Henner was born at Bernwiller (Alsace). He began his studies in art as a pupil of Michel Martin Drolling and François-Édouard Picot. In 1848, he entered the École des Beaux Arts in Paris, and took the Prix de Rome with a painting of Adam and Eve finding the Body of Abel in 1858. In Rome, he was guided by Flandrin, and painted four pictures for the gallery at Colmar among other works.
He first exhibited Bather Asleep at the Salon in 1863 and subsequently contributed Chaste Susanna (1865), now in the Musée d'Orsay. Other noted works include: Byblis turned into a Spring (1867); The Magdalene (1878); Portrait of M. Hayem (1878); Christ Entombed (1879); Saint Jerome (1881); Herodias (1887); A Study (1891); Christ in His Shroud and a Portrait of Carolus-Duran (1896); a Portrait of Mlle Fouquier (1897); and The Dream (1900).
The Levite of the Tribe of Ephraim (1898) was awarded a first-class medal. Among other professional distinctions, Henner also took a Grand Prix for painting at the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1900. He was made Chevalier of the Legion of Honour in 1873, Officer in 1878, and Commander in 1889. In 1889, he succeeded Cabanel in the Institut de France. Henner's most widely known work is his 1885 portrait of Saint Fabiola. Although the original is now lost, it was copied by artists around the world for devotional purposes. Artist Francis Alÿs has collected over 500 copies of the portrait in a variety of media. The collection, known as the "Fabiola Project," is on exhibit at the Byzantine Fresco Chapel of the Menil Collection in Houston from May 21, 2016 - May 13, 2018.
Henner died at age 76 in Paris.
Henner had numerous pupils; among them were the American painter Mathilde Mueden Leisenring and the Romanian artist Dimitrie Serafim. From 1874 to 1889, organized with Carolus-Duran, what he called "the studio of the ladies" for women were not allowed entry to the École des Beaux-Arts. Some also served as his models. One of these was Dorothy Tennant who later married Henry Morton Stanley.
Suzanne Valadon (1865-1938) also worked as one of his models.
Reclining Nude, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Woman on a black divan, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Mulhouse
La liseuse, Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Nus féminins Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Jésus au tombeau Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Jules Janssen Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Portrait d'homme Musée d'Orsay, Paris
"Portrait of a Young Girl with a Bow in Her Hair," private collection
"Alsatian Girl," National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
"Saint Fabiola" copy of lost original
"Study of a Woman in Red," The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia
"A Red-Haired Beauty," private collection
Head of a Girl - Brooklyn Museum
"The Chaste Susannah" Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Le réveil de l'enfant Musée des Beaux-Arts, Dijon
"Penitent Magdalene," private collection - Cantor Arts Center, Stanford, California
Idylle Musée d'Orsay, Paris
 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Henner, Jean Jacques". Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 272. 

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