Lubeck, painted by the Norwegian artist Edvard Munch in 1903, is a prime example of
Expressionism. This art movement emerged as a reaction against the conceptual and minimalist art of the 1970s. It is characterized by intense subjectivity, rough handling of materials, and the return to portraying recognizable objects in a rough and violently emotional way.
Edvard Munch, born on December 12, 1863, was one of the pioneers of Expressionism. His most famous work is
The Scream. Lubeck depicts a woman standing in front of an open window with her back to us, looking out at the cityscape beyond. The painting's title refers not to the German city but rather to Munch's friend and fellow artist, Franz von Lenbach.
Munch was deeply influenced by his personal experiences and emotions, which he often expressed through his art. His style is marked by bold colors, distorted forms, and an emphasis on psychological states over physical reality. This can be seen in Lubeck, where the woman's figure appears almost ghostly against the vibrant background of Lubeck's skyline.
Figurative Expressionism Art Movement
The Figurative Expressionism art movement, to which Lubeck belongs, was inspired by German Expressionist painters such as Emil Nolde, Max Beckmann, George Grosz, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, James Ensor, and Edvard Munch himself. It developed alongside other movements like Neo-Expressionism and Transavanguardia in Italy.
Neo-expressionism
Neo-expressionism is a style of late modernist or early postmodern painting and sculpture that emerged in the late 1970s. It is characterized by intense subjectivity, rough handling of materials, and the return to portraying recognizable objects such as the human body (although sometimes in an abstract manner), often using vivid colors.
Critical Reception
Neo-expressionism dominated the art market until the mid-1980s. The style emerged internationally and was viewed by many critics as a revival of traditional themes of self-expression in European art after decades of American dominance. However, some critics dismissed Neo-Expressionist painting as retrograde, a failure of radical imagination, and a lamentable capitulation to the art market.
Neo-expressionism around the world
The movement became known as Transavanguardia in Italy and Neue Wilden in Germany, and the group Figuration Libre was formed in France in 1981. Despite its critics, Expressionism remains an influential art movement today, with artists continuing to explore its themes of emotion, subjectivity, and psychological depth.
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Conclusion
In conclusion,
Edvard Munch's Lubeck is an iconic example of Expressionism that showcases the movement's emphasis on emotion and subjectivity over physical reality. As part of the Figurative Expressionism art movement, it has influenced generations of artists and continues to inspire new works today.
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