Early Life and Training
Alfred Émile Léopold Stevens, a renowned Belgian painter, was born on May 11, 1823, in Brussels. His family was deeply rooted in the visual arts, with his older brother
Joseph (1816–1892) and son
Léopold (1866–1935) being painters, while another brother
Arthur (1825–99) was an art dealer and critic.
Artistic Career
Stevens began his artistic journey at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, where he studied under the guidance of François Navez, a Neo-Classical painter. In 1843, he moved to Paris, joining his brother Joseph, and was admitted to the École des Beaux-Arts. Although it is disputed whether he became a student of Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, Stevens' early work, such as
The Pardon or Absolution (Hermitage, St. Petersburg), signed and dated 1849, showcases his mastery of conventional naturalistic style, influenced by 17th-century Dutch genre painting.
Rise to Prominence
Stevens' work was first publicly exhibited in 1851 at the Brussels Salon, earning him a third-class medal at the Paris Salon in 1853 and a second-class medal at the Universal Exposition in Paris in 1855. His painting
Ce qu'on appelle le vagabondage (Musée d'Orsay, Paris) caught the attention of Napoleon III, leading to a significant change in the treatment of the poor.
Notable Works and Legacy
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